Introduction - Shodhganga
CHAPTER NO. 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH WORK
1.3 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
1.3.1 DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION
1.3.2 GROWTH OF POPULATION
1.3.3 LITERACY 1.3.4 SEX RATIO 1.3.5 OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE
1.4 CHOICE OF THE STUDY REGION AND TOPIC
1.5 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1.6 DATA BASE AND INFORMATION
1.7 METHODOLOGY
1.8 OUT LINE OF THE PROPOSED WORK
CHAPTER -1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Geography deals with wide area of study. Geography had since
long been considered as an Earth Science where the study of earth
received grater attention than its inhabitants. But geographers turn
to attention the study of environment to man. Vidal-de- la Blache,
Juean Brunhes were significance in giving anthropocentric
orientation to geography. Traditionally geographers have been
classified geography into Physical and Human geography. The natural
phenomena over the surface of the earth studied in physical
geography. Such study concerned with nature and distribution of
physical features, such as mountains, plateaus, rivers, glaciers and
rocks. This study also includes study of physical phenomena and
processes such as rainfall, snowfall, winds, evaporation and humidity
etc.
In Human geography studied nature and distribution of man made
aspects and their relationship with the physical landscape. As
compare to Physical geography, Human geography is relatively a new
branch of geography. Human geography studied the cultural
landscape including language, settlements, industrial establishment
etc.Human geography also has several sub branches, e.g. Settlement
geography, economic geography, political geography, population
geography etc.
Population geography is a recently developed and specialized
branch of Human Geography.
Geography is a study of nature and
distribution of physical and cultural factors over the surface of the
earth. Population is an important aspect, which varies over the
surface of the earth. Population plays a dominant role in determining
the economy of the region. Not only economy of the region but also
changing socio-cultural, political and environmental issues of the region. However, population geography has recently emerged as a
separate branch of study and research. It involves human population
and its different characteristics, such as mobility and growth. It is
related to other allied areas like demography, sociology, economics
and related disciplines.
In brief population geography studies the distribution of
population over the surface of the earth, with its characteristics and
relation with geographical personality of the region.
While studying population geography in particular region without
noted contribution of various scholars the study has been not
completed. A number of scholars have been made his contribution on
this subject.
Trewartha (1953) describes that population geography is the
spatial study of human population, concerned with its spatial
distribution. In this view Trewartha indicates that importance of
population geography lies in understanding regional differences in
the people covering the earth provide focal point in geography.
In the opinion of Edward Ackerman (1959), ‘Population
geography is as a formal and systematic sub-field of the discipline of
geography, places grater emphasis of man. Man is the main focus of
study of population geography. In addition to the inclusion of mans
culture, economic activities, and general distribution at present or in
the past, there exists a need for better understanding of spatial
aspects of population.
Population geography is mainly related with spatial pattern of
population aspect. Not only spatial variation in distribution but also
growth and composition of population, are related to the spatial
interaction in the nature of places. Physical, economic and cultural
factors are to explain and analyze these relations. (Clarke 1965).
Wilbur Zelinsky (1966) attempts to explore that the nature, uses
and meaning of population geography, its issues, foundries, and the
identity of its major ideas. Population geography concerned with the
simple description of the location of population numbers and
characteristics, and the geographic analysis of population phenomena interrelated with population and elements of
geographical study area.
According to Woods (1979), population studies have for long
been the subject of concern for social scientists including
geographers. The Social sciences has made valuate contributions of
spatio temporal pattern of population.
The role of geographers in population studies is well expressed by
many scholars. In word of Garnier, ‘It is the business of geographers
to describe the facts in the present environment context, studying
also their causes, characteristics and possible consequences’.
Population geography may be defined as the analysis and geographic
interpretation of spatial variation of the structure and value of
demographic phenomena. These phenomena analyze of size and
changes of population growth and distribution. (Garnier 1978) .
The term ‘Demography’ was first used by Achille Guillard in 1955.
The word demography was derived from the Greek word ‘Demos’,
which means ’People’. Economic, social, political, geographical,
biological, ecological, anthropological determinants and
consequences are closely related with population studies. In word of
Hauser and Duncan, ’Demography means the study of population
changes of components such as fertility, mortality, size, territorial
distribution and d mobility of population. (Phatak 1998) .
To show the evolution of population over the time and the space
the statistics are essential. In accordance with international
agreement census is an enumeration of the population in a given area
at a given time and certain characteristics of each person. i. e. age, sex
and marital status, etc. The data on the number of persons in each
subdivision of the area show the geographical distribution of
population. Population geography is newly developed branch of
geography. Today the population explosion of the world is adding
millions of people each year, with the increasing in population in time
and space. It is necessary to know not only the dynamic ideas about
the place of population in geographic literature but also the quality and quantity of population in different parts of the globe. (Mandal,
Uyanga, and Prasad 2007) .
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