Modelagem de Dados Geográficos ...

Modelagem de Dados Geográficos

CURSO DE ESPECIALIZAÇÃO EM GEOPROCESSAMENTO

Karla Albuquerque de Vasconcelos Borges

2002

Índice

MODELAGEM DE DADOS GEOGRÁFICOS....................................................................... 4

1.1 CONCEITOS BÁSICOS............................................................................................... 4

1.1.1 Generalização conc eitual ................................................................................................ 4

1.1.2 Dados Geográficos ......................................................................................................... 5

1.1.3 Representação Vetorial / Matricial .................................................................................. 5

1.2 REPRESENTAÇÃO DA REALIDADE GEOGRÁFICA.......................................................................... 7

1.2.1 O Espaço Cognitivo – Fatores Humanos na Interpretação do Espaço .............................. 7

1.2.2 Visão de Campos e Objetos............................................................................................. 7

1.3 RELAÇÕES ESPACIAIS ............................................................................................................... 9

1.4 CONCEITOS FUNDAMENTAIS EM MODELAGEM DE DADOS......................................................... 11

1.5 MODELOS DE DADOS SEMÂNTICOS.......................................................................... 14

1.5.1 Modelo Entidade-Relacionamento (ER)......................................................................... 15

1.5.2 Modelagem Orientada a Objetos ................................................................................... 17

1.6 MODELOS DE DADOS GEOGRÁFICOS........................................................................................ 19

1.6.1 Níveis de Abstração de Dados Geográficos ................................................................... 19

MODELO DE DADOS OMT-G ................................................................................................... 22

2.1 CARACTERÍSTICAS DO MODELO OMT-G.................................................................................. 22

2.2 CLASSES BÁSICAS........................................................................................................ 22

2.2.1 Geo-Campo .................................................................................................................. 25

2.2.2 Geo-Objeto................................................................................................................... 26

2.2.3 Relacionamentos........................................................................................................... 29

2.2.4 Generalização e Especialização .................................................................................... 35

2.2.5 Agregação .................................................................................................................... 37

2.2.6 Generalização Conceitual ............................................................................................. 38

2.2.7 Restrições Espaciais ..................................................................................................... 43

3

2.2.8 Diagrama de Temas ...................................................................................................... 47

2.3 EXEMPLOS DE APLICAÇÕES UTILIZANDO O MODELO OMT-G.................................................... 49

2.3.1 Transporte Público e Trânsito ....................................................................................... 49

2.3.2 Rede de Esgoto ............................................................................................................. 52

2.3.3 Exercícios................................................................................................................. 53

REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS................................................................................. 59

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