خصائص المناخ في منطقة مكة المكرمة الإدارية
دراسة مقدمة لقسم الجغرافيا بكلية العلوم الاجتماعية
جامعة أم القرى كمتطلب تكميلي لنيل الماجستير
في الجغرافيا (جغرافيا مناخية)
إعداد الطالبة
أمينة بنت عطا الله بن عبد ربة الرحيلي
إشراف
د. بدر الدين يوسف محمد أحمد
Abstract
Climate plays an important role in the different aspects of life. Climatic studies came to be of the most important studies in geography at the international, regional or local scales. Accordingly, this thesis is erected to study the characteristics of the climate of Makkah Administrative Area.
The study undertakes the analysis of climatic elements and the factors led to their formulation to the degree that gave the climate of the area its specialty. The study is targeted to come out with climatic regionalization of the area according to the famous climatic classification methods, as to generalize and simplify the climatic outlook to the area.
The study depended on the climatic data provided by the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment (PME) of Saudi Arabia, and by the Ministry of Agriculture. The data obtained were passed through different statistical processes to help in describing the climate of the area.
The study is divided into 5 chapters beginning with chapter 1, the introduction, where the project problem, aims, hypotheses are set. Chapter 2 is devoted to geographic setting of the area. Chapter 3 is interested, in its first section, in discussing the factors affecting the climate of the area, while its section analyzes the climatic elements. Chapter 4 has summarized the climate of the area in regions carrying outstanding properties according to the different methods used.
The study came out with many results. The most important ones are the patterns of temperature, rainfall and climatic regions affected by north – south arrangement of relief and the position above sea level, added to the station position in relation to configuration orientation. The main result is the conclusion that the new factor – cluster climatic classification of Makkah area proved to be the best among the other classification methods.
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