الأحوال المناخية الاستثنائية المصاحبة للمنخفضات الجوية في مصر
خلال موسم المطر 2019-2020
باستخدام تقنيات الاستشعار عن بُعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية
دراسة في الجغرافيا
المناخية
The Exceptional Climatic conditions
associated with the Atmospheric depressions in Egypt during the rainy season
2019-2020 – A study in Climate Geography using Remote sensing and GIS-based
analysis
مجلة كلية الآداب للإنسانيات والعلوم الاجتماعية - جامعة الفيوم - كلية الآداب - المجلد 12 العدد 2 - يوليو 2020م - ص ص 2097 - 2190:
المستخلص:
Abstract:
Egypt is exposed to the Atmospheric depressions that affecting its climatic conditions during the period between October and May of each year "rainy season". These depressions vary in their sources, strength, movement paths, and the extent of their impact on the Egyptian climatic conditions. The current study deals with the exceptional climatic conditions associated with the Atmospheric depressions in Egypt during the rainy season 2019/2020, and the study aims to use Remote sensing techniques and Geographic Information Systems GIS in studying the characteristics of these depressions and the exceptional weather conditions associated with them which represented in large quantities of rain was about 543 million cubic meters during the period from 22 to 26 October 2019 " Medicane", and it reached 950 million cubic meters during the period from 11 to 14 March 2020 "Dragon". In addition to recording a hurricane wind speed reached 120 km/h on 12 March 2020, and gusty winds reached 65 km/h on 25 October 2019. The Study depended on using MODIS / AQUA satellite imagery, climate satellite imagery by the PERSIANN project and CHIRPS model, outputs of the ECMWF climate model as well as outputs of the Global Climate Forecast System (GFS). The study concluded that the atmospheric depressions under study were associated with a set of factors that coincided in a rare manner and contributed to the engender and development of these depressions in this exceptional way. These factors were represented in the northern oscillation movement of the Sudan seasonal depression and the Red Sea Trough RST accompanied by a deepening of a cold depression in the upper atmosphere of 500 millibars, and a simultaneous rise in the surface water temperature of the eastern Mediterranean region in the case of October 2019, and the convergence of the polar and tropical jet stream in the upper atmosphere above The highest of Egyptian lands latitudes. And the correlation of these factors with the major and minor pressure oscillations in the world, the most important of which are the coincidence of these events with the occurrence of the El Nino phenomenon, coinciding with the positive side of the North Atlantic Oscillation NAO, the negative side of the polar oscillation in the Northern Hemisphere AO, the negative side of the Mediterranean oscillation MO, and the negative side of the Caspian Sea - North Sea Oscillation.
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