3-D Structural Geology
A Practical Guide
to Quantitative Surface
and Subsurface Map
Interpretation
Richard H. GroshongJr.
springer
About this book
Introduction
Geological structures are three dimensional, yet are typically represented by, and - terpreted from, outcrop maps and structure contour maps, both of which are curved two-dimensional surfaces. Maps plus serial sections, called 2½-D, provide a closer approach to three dimensionality.
Computer technology now makes it possible for geological interpretations to be developed from the beginning in a fully three dim- sional environment.
Fully 3-D geological models allow significantly better interpre- tions and interpretations that are much easier to share with other geologists and with the general public.
This book provides an overview of techniques for constructing structural interpretations in 2-D, 2½-D and 3-D environments; for interpolating - tween and extrapolating beyond the control points; and for validating the final int- pretation. The underlying philosophy is that structures are three-dimensional solid bodies and that data from throughout the structure, whether in 2-D or 3-D format, should be integrated into an internally consistent 3-D interpretation.
It is assumed that most users of this book will do their work on a computer. C- sequently, the book provides quantitative structural methods and techniques that are designed for use with spreadsheets, mapping software, and three-dimensional c- puter-graphics programs.
The book is also intended to provide the background for understanding what interpretive software, for example, a computer contouring p- gram, does automatically. Most techniques are presented in both a traditional format appropriate for paper, pencil, and a pocket calculator, and in quantitative format for use with spreadsheets and computer-graphics or computer-aided-design programs.
Keywords Fundament Structural geology fault faults folds mappin gstructural validation
Table of contents
Front Matter Pages I-XVI
Elements of Map-Scale Structure
Richard H. Groshong Jr.
Pages 1-32
Location and Attitude
Richard H. Groshong Jr.
Pages 33-61
Structure Contouring
Richard H. Groshong Jr.
Pages 63-88
Thickness Measurements and Thickness Maps
Richard H. Groshong Jr.
Pages 89-107
Fold Geometry
Richard H. Groshong Jr.
Pages 109-131
Cross Sections, Data Projection and Dip-Domain Mapping
Richard H. Groshong Jr.
Pages 133-180
Properties of Faults
Richard H. Groshong Jr.
Pages 181-217
Faulted Surfaces
Richard H. Groshong Jr.
Pages 219-264
Dip-Sequence Analysis
Richard H. Groshong Jr.
Pages 265-283
Quality Control
Richard H. Groshong Jr.
Pages 285-304
Structural Validation, Restoration, and Prediction
Richard H. Groshong Jr.
Pages 305-372
Direction Cosines and Vector Geometry
Richard H. Groshong Jr.
Pages 373-382
Back Matter
Pages 383-400
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