مرض الفشل الكلوي المزمن في قطاع غزة
دراسة في الجغرافية الطبية
Chronic Renal Failure Patients
in the Gaza Strip
" Study in Medical Geography"
إعداد الطالبة
هالة عبد كامل مدوخ
إشراف
أ.د. نعيم سليمان محمد بارود
قدمت هذه الرسالة استكمالاً لمتطلبات الحصول
على درجة الماجستير في الجغرافيا
قسم الجغرافيا - كلية الآداب - الجامعة الإسلامية - غزة
1434 هـ - 2013 م
Abstract
The study deals with the geographic distribution of the kidney failure patients in Gaza Governorates according to gender (males and females)and according to the governorates and the residential areas. The study also dealt with showing and clarifying the development and increase of the number of patients and deaths of the chronic kidney failure patients in the Governorates of Gaza during the period from (2000-2012 A.D.). The study also aimed to identify the chemical quality and the quality of the drinking water. It dealt with the wells in the Gaza-Strip and the estimation of the percentage of the patients who depend on the municipality water, filtered water and other sources. It also tried to discover the relationship between the chemical pollution of water and chronic kidney failure disease as well as identifying the most chemically polluted area and analyzing the reasons of the chronic kidney failure disease. The study also dealt with the traditions and behaviors adopted with kidney failure patients who depend on the filtered water before infection due to the nature of their usage of the filtered water. The study also dealt with the human variable such as the social characteristics, economic characteristics and health characteristics. It also dealt with the food chemical pollution, the chronic kidney failure disease and the relationship of the chemical compounds of Nicotine in cigarettes with the chronic kidney failure disease, the role of the Israeli occupation in increasing the environmental pollution and the attempt to connect the natural environments( chemical pollution of water) and the human variables and chronic kidney failure disease. Thestudy depended in determining the water chemical polluters on the chemical analysis of water in the Public Health Laboratory by testing the water wells for chloride, nitrates and the total soluble salts as a determinant to water chemical pollution usinga number of statistical transactions represented in Chi square and Pearson correlation coefficient with the aim of showing the relational relations. In addition to this the questionnaire was distributed to chronic kidney failure patients(420) questionnaire (16 children were excluded) with the aim of measuring the natural variables and human variable of the patients. The study produced several computerized maps (Avc Gis) to show the water chemical pollution focuses and used Microsoft Excel and Corel Draw programs to extract maps and diagrams of the geographic distribution of the patient's human variables.
The outcomes of the study showed existence of water chemical pollution in the governorates of Gaza. The study also showed the existence of relational relationship between the social, economic and health characteristics and the food chemical polluters, smoking and the chronic kidney failure disease. The results of the study also showed that the largest percentage of patients are in the camps and in the quarters and cities of the Gaza Strip.The most important recommendations made by the study stressed the need for warning the cities of the damages of the chemical pollutions on human health specially on the kidneys, warning the people of the need to carry outcontinued periodical tests to avoid infection, the need to adopt a diet and reduce taking salts and soft drinks because they lead to infection by the chronic kidney failure, stop smoking because it has relational relationship with the disease, establishment of a body to test and issue certificates indicating that vegetables and fruits are free from chemical insecticides, using the insecticides in proportion with the crops in order not to pollute the soil, underground water and foods, increasing the number of the kidney dialysis machines in the kidney dialysis departments to agree with the international standards (3 patients for each machine) and expansion of some of the kidney failure departments so that patients may receive the health service properly and the finally the need to adopt policies to maintain the costal aquifer in the Governorates of Gaza and the establishment of sewage water network covering all the governorates of the Gaza Strip because it is the only source of water for citizens for all purposes.
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