النمذجة الهيدرو جيومورفولوجية لحوض وادي حُسُب
وأثره في التنمية البيئية
رسالة قدَّمها
علي محسن كامل جعفر
إلى مجلس كلية الآداب – جامعة الكوفة
وهي من متطلبات درجة الدكتوراه في فلسفة الجغرافية
بإشراف
الأستاذ المساعد الدكتورة
رقية أحمد محمد الأمين
الأستاذ المساعد الدكتور
عايد جاسم حسين الزاملي
2018 م - 1439هـ
A Hydrogeomorphological Modeling of Basin
valley of husub and its Impact on
Environmental Development
A Thesis
Submitted to the Faculty of Arts / University of Kufa
In a Partial
Fulfillment of the Requirements of The Ph.D.
Degree in The philosophy of Geography
By
Ali Mohsin Kamil Jaafar
Supervised by
Asst.Prof.Dr
Ayad Jasim Hussein Al-Zamily
Asst.Prof .Dr
Ruqaya Ahmad Muhammad Al-Ameen
A.H 1439 - A.D 2018
Abstract
The study aims at reaching a model that explains the reality. We observe that there are quantities of water falling in the basin without benefiting from it in the development of the basin according to the environment, which is (3695.56) km 2. The area is limited between the two width areas )30, 48, 00) and (31, 48,00) degrees north, and longitude ( ,09¯, 00), ( , 24¯,00) degrees east, by identifying the natural features of the basin, geological characteristics, topographical characteristics, climatic characteristics, soil properties, and the natural plant. The study also discussed the morphometric characteristics and the relationship between the space of the basin and the morphometric characteristics and the study of some hydrologic variables such as concentration time, flow velocity, flood coefficient and maximum drainage of the basin as well as the study of correlative relations between morphometric properties and hydrological variables.
The study also dealt with the geomorphological processes and the earth shapes and worked to understand the relationship between the density of the waterways and all the diagrams by designing a model that illustrates this relationship. In addition, working on applying a model to know the size of water and wind erosion in the basin and what is more influential in the formation and change of earth shapes, whether in the period of the Pleistocene or the Holocene era.
The importance of the study in the treatment of water scarcity is that the basin is a dry area, which contributes to the management of water storms and methods of exploitation, which have become the challenges of this era.
These facts were revealed through the construction of three applied hydrological models. The first is an applied field model that measures field leaching. The fieldwork includes measuring the leaching according to the method of double cylindrical magnetization and measuring the coefficient of overflow using an experimental basin to cover a surface area of 1 meter square, and using the process of artificial rain and then use one of the equations to measure and study the coefficient of surfacing overflow and the second model, which can be obtained by working to link between two computer models, the first conversion of physical characteristics of the types of hydrologic soils and the natural plant of the basin and converted to maps using remote sensing and GIS to analyze the surface of the basin digitally and obtain digital and objective maps, which we can deal with through the applications of these programs.
The second model is to determine the morphometric and hydrological characteristics of the basin with simulated surfacing overflow of the basin and estimate the annual surface runoff, the result of different rain waves and the adoption of the US Soil Protection Service (SCS). The third model is performed by using the HEC-GeoHEM tool, which is characterized by the division of the basin into secondary basins based on the ground appearance and using rain intensity as the most important inputs to the program.
The study reached a number of conclusions, including the basin falls within the formations of time triangular and quadriplegic and it is a low gradient and is located in the climate drought, so the plants are few and scattered desert plants, while the soil is mostly desert stone.
The study also found that there are relationships between the spatial characteristics and other morphometric characteristics and the latter and some hydrological variables.
The study found that water erosion was average (880) m3 / km2 / year and that the region also suffers from high wind erosion (224,15). The study also found that tectonic activity in the basin is low.
The study also found that it is necessary to focus on rain intensity and invest water in its place before waiting for the loss either by evaporation or filtration and that the basin is of great benefit for storing water during rain intensity.
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