Three Dimensional Flood Modeling with High Resolution LIDAR ...

إدارة الفيضانات

رسالة ماجستير في الهندسة المساحية من كندا بعنوان

Three Dimensional Flood Modeling

with High Resolution LIDAR

By: Edward MacKinnon, 2004

الملخص:

Abstract :

  Several Flood Simulation products can be modeled using LIDAR, GIS and Remote Sensing tools. Flood risk, extent and depth maps represented by actual storm surge flood events were generated from high resolution LIDAR surfaces with a GIS. These products provide valuable information for strategic planning to help prevent coastal flood damage.

  The main purpose of this project was to generate flood maps and DEMs with better than 30 cm vertical accuracy for the coastal area of southeastern New Brunswick in support of Climate Change Action Fund (CCAF) Project A591. The CCAF project is a venture partnered with Environment Canada, Geological Survey of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, New Brunswick Resources and Energy, Parks Canada, Universite de Moncton, Nova Scotia Community College and the University of New Brunswick. The aim of the CCAF project team is to collaborate together and generate accurate maps and information that will quantify the impacts of climate change, sea-level rise, storm surge events and coastal erosion in support of sustainable management and the development of adaptation strategies.

   Airborne LIDAR systems can obtain high-resolution elevation data that can be processed to produce accurate topographic representations. The LIDAR sensor emits a series of near-infrared laser pulses toward the surface and records the time difference between the contact with the surface and the return to the sensor after reflection. The aircraft uses a high precision global positioning system and an inertial measurement unit to determine the ******** and attitude of the aircraft so that the ground ******** of the return laser pulse can be determined. This project used LIDAR data to produce accurate representations of the landscape and to provide accurate hydrological bare earth DEMs that are necessary to perform accurate flood risk modelling. Flood level data were provided by CCAF project partners, and used to flood landward areas. The highest experienced water level in the region occurred during a storm surge on January 21, 2000 that caused extensive coastal damage to the area. The extreme high-water mark for this event was recorded as 3.6 m above Chart Datum and was used as the first modeled water level. The second water level was ****d on the January 2000 level plus an estimated 100 year predicted 70 cm relative sea-level rise with extreme conditions. The third level was ****d on the January 2000 level plus an estimated 100 year predicted 50 cm relative sea-level rise with moderate conditions.

   The main study area was divided into ten sections located along the Gulf Shore of New Brunswick from Kouchibouguac National Park south along the coast to Jourimain Island and includes the areas of highest scientific interest and significant priority. Six of the ten study areas have been completed to date and the final four are scheduled to be processed during the fall of 2004. The six study areas flown to date and processed as part of this graduate project contained 40 tiles of LIDAR data, covered about 165,500 square kilometres and contained over 45 million points

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Three Dimensional Flood Modeling with High Resolution LIDAR 

By: Edward MacKinnon, 2004 .

    

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