ﺃﺜﺭ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﻨﻜﺴﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ( ReMi ) ﻭﺃﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻭﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ
ﻤﺠﻠﺔ ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ ﻟﻠﻌﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻴﺔ ـ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺩ ( 30 ) ـ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻷﻭل ـ 2014 - ص 249 - 264 :
- ﻋﺒﺩﷲ ﺭﻀﺎ ﻋﻼﻭﻨﻪ - ﻁﺎﻟﺏ ﺩﻜﺘﻭﺭﺍﻩ.
- ﻨﻀﺎل ﺸﻘﻴﺭ - ﺃﺴﺘﺎﺫ ﻤﺸﺭﻑ، ﻗﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺎ، ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ، ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺩﻤﺸﻕ، ﺴﻭﺭﻴﺔ .
- ﺭﺸﻴﺩ ﺠﺭﺍﺩﺍﺕ - ﺃﺴﺘﺎﺫ ﻤﺸﺭﻑ ﻤﺸﺎﺭﻙ، ﻗﺴﻡ ﻋﻠﻭﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ ، ﻜﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻭﻡ، ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻴﺭﻤﻭﻙ، ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ .
ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺨﺹ :
ﺘﻁﻭﺭﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺨﻴﺭﺓ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﺎ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﻤﺘ ﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﻟﻸﻤـﻭﺍﺝ ﺍﻟـﺴﻁﺤﻴﺔ ( MASW ) ﺍﻟﻨـﺸﻁﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﻨﻜﺴﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ( ReMi ) ﻟﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻁﻴﺔ ﻟﻸﻤﻭﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟـﺴﻁﺤﻴﺔ ﻟﻌﻤـﻕ 30 ﻡ ( Vs30 ) ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﺴﺘﺨﺩﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻨﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﺯﻟﺯﺍﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﺤـﻀﺭﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤـﺩ ﻤـﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻁﺭ ﺍﻟﺯﻟﺯﺍﻟﻴﺔ .
ﻴﻅﻬﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻓﺎﺌﺩﺓ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﻨﻜﺴﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﺃﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺴـﺔ ﻁﺒﻘـﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺩ ﻴﺼل ﻋﻤﻘﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻜﺜﺭ ﻤﻥ 30 ﻡ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻴﻨﺔ ﺇﺭﺒﺩ ( ﺍﻷ ﺭﺩﻥ ) ، ﺍﻟﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺸﺭﻕ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺼـﺩﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻭﻴﻠﻲ ﺒ ﺤﻭﻨ 25 ﻜﻡ .
ﺍﺴﺘﻁﺎﻋﺕ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ReMi ﺃﻥ ﺘﺤﺩﺩ ﻋﻤﻕ ﻁﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﺒﺎﺯﻟﺘﻴـﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺴـﺭ ﻋﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺠﺩﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻕ ﺘﺯﻴﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ 10 ﻡ ﻭﺴﻤﺎﻜﺘﻬﺎ ، ﻓﻲ ﺤﻴﻥ ﻜـﺎﻥ ﻋﻤـﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤـﺭﻱ ﺒﺎﺴـﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻁﺭﻴﻘـﺔ MASW ﻻ ﻴﺯﻴﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ 10ﻡ ﻭﻴﺅﻜﺩ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺙ ﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺎﻤل ﻟﻠﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﻴﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻋﻤـﺎل ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻠﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺯﻤﻴﺔ ﺒﻬﺩﻑ ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﺔ .
ﻟﻭﺤﻅ ﺘﻐﻴﺭ ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻟـﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺒـﺭﻭﻓﻴﻼﺕ ﻓـﻲ ﻤﻨﻁﻘـﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ، ﻭﻓﻕ ﻜﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﻭﻜﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻻﺘﺤﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻁﻭﺍﺭﺉ ، ﻭﻤﺜﺎل ﺫﻟﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﺭﻭﻓﻴـل ( C43 ) ﺇﺫ ﺍﻨﺘﻘـل ﺍﻟﺘـﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺘﺒﺔ D3 ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺭﺘﺒﺔ C2 ، ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺴﺘﺩﻋﻲ ﻀﺭﻭﺭﺓ ﺘﻐﻴﻴﺭ ﺸﺭﻭﻁ ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﻨﻲ ﻭﻤﻌﺎﻴﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻟﻬﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ .
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺤﻴﺔ : ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻭﺍﺕ، ﺍﻻﻨﻜﺴﺎﺭﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ، ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺯﻤﻲ، ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺭﻀﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﺴﻁﺤﻴﺔ، ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻤﻭﻗﻊ ، ﺇﺭﺒﺩ .
Effect of Refraction Microtremor (ReMi) method and its Importance in Specific Site Classification and in the Determination of High Velocity Layers
- A. R. Alawneh,- PhD., Student.
- N. Shouker - Superviser, Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Damascus University, Syria.
- R. Jaradat - Associated Superviser, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Yarmouk University, Jordan.
ABSTRACT
In the last few years the Active Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) and Refraction Microtremor (ReMi) methods were developed to determine average shear wave velocity of the upper surface layers (Vs30) which is used for site classification and seismic microzonation studies of urban areas to reduce earthquake risks.
This research showed the usefulness and importance of the use of ReMi method to study the deep soil layers which may reach a depth of more than 30 m in the city of Irbid (Jordan), located 25 km east of the Dead Sea Transform (DST) fault system. It was evident that ReMi method was able to identify depth and thickness of basaltic layers of high seismic velocities found at depths greater than 10 m, while the depth of investigation using the MASW was no more than 10 m. The research emphasizes the need for the integrated application of use of the ReMi method and MASW method in seismic field surveys for site and soil seismic classification studies.
In the study area we have observed that the site classification of some profiles have changed according to the code of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, for example: site classification of profile (C43) has moved from class D3 to class C2, which means the need to change the conditions and criteria for the design of buildings for this site.
Keywords: Multichannel method, MASW, Refraction Microtremor, ReMi, Seismic survey, Shear wave velocity, Surface waves, Site Classification, Irbid.
ﺍﻟﺘﻭﺼﻴﺎﺕ :
ﻴﻭﺼﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺤﺙ ﺒﻜل ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺄﺘﻲ :
1- ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﻲ ﺘﺤﻠﻴل ﻤﺘﻌﺩﺩ ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻭل ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻋﻤـﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﻁﻠﻭﺏ .
2- ﻋﺩﻡ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﻁﺔ ﻓﻘﻁ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺯﻤﻭﺠﻴﻭﻫﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺭﻴﺔ .
3- ﺇﺠﺭﺍﺀ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺨﺼﺎﺌﺹ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻘﺔ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ، ﻤـﻥ ﺤﻴـﺙ ﺴـﻤﻜﻬﺎ ﻭﻋﻤﻘﻬﺎ ﻭﻗﺩﺭﺓ ﺘﺤﻤﻠﻬﺎ .
4- ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻔﺭﻋﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻭﻗﻊ ﻭﻓﻕ ( FEMA ) ﺒﺩﻻ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﺘـﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟـﺭﺌﻴﺱ ﻭﻓﻕ ( NEHRP ).
5- ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻜﺩ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺘﺒﺎﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺒﺴﺒﺏ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﺍﺌﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺒﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻌﻁﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻭﺭ .
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