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الخميس، 2 مايو 2024

THE FEASIBILITY OF AGRICULTURAL SETTLEMENT PROJECTS IN THE JABAL AL-AKHDAR, LIBYA: AN EXAMPLE OF THE WADI AL—KHARRUBAH AGRICULTURAL SETTLEMENT PROJECT


THE FEASIBILITY OF AGRICULTURAL SETTLEMENT PROJECTS IN THE JABAL AL-AKHDAR, LIBYA: AN EXAMPLE OF THE WADI AL-KHARRUBAH AGRICULTURAL SETTLEMENT PROJECT



By

Awad Yousef el-Haddad



A DISSERTATION

Submitted to
Michigan State University
in partial fulfilluent of the requireaeats
for the degree of

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

Department of Geography

1985


 



 
 ABSTRACT


THE FEASIBILITY OF AGRICULTURAL SETTLEMENT PROJECTS IN THE JABAL AL-AKHDAR, LIBYA: AN EXAMPLE OF THE WADI AL-KHARRUBAH AGRICULTURAL SETTLEMENT PROJECT


By
Awad Yousef el-Haddad


   The Libyan government has initiated various strate-gies to develop the country's pastoral sector, including establishing agricultural settlement projects in tribal areas. One scheme is the Wadi al-Kharrubah pastoral settlement project in the Jabal al-Akhdar region. 

 This study postulated that the existing agricultural land use patterns of the area are not compatible with the government's proposed land use. The research emphasized that the proposed land use will disrupt the existing land use and socioeconomic and environmental characteristics of the Kharrubah area which would be the basis of future regional development planning. 

  Research objectives were to (1) determine the existing land use pattern and the government's proposed land use, (2) determine the compatibility between the two land use systems, and (3) identify components in the Awad Yousef el-Haddad proposed land use that the pastoralists most likely would oppose and most likely welcome. To accomplish these objectives a field survey of the area's entire population (80 households) and of ten project administrators was conducted. Data were analyzed by Spearman correlation and chi-square techniques. 

  Major findings were that the government's proposed land use changes are not compatible with the existing land use. Nor are the changes compatible with the land use the pastoralists expect the project to provide in terms of size of landholding, crops to be cultivated, the accompanying rotation system, and disposal of livestock. As a result, the spatial effect of the proposed changes on the people and the land could be manifest in three major ways: 

1- The government's decision to dispose of the existing herds could disrupt the present economic system, which provides mutton for urban markets and high income to pastoralists. 

2- Individual ownership of the land, brought about by the project replacing common resource ownership patterns, would result in smaller and smaller farm holdings due to the Islamic inheritance law.   

3- Removal of the common dry season pasture as utilized by the current indigenous land use system, in addition to the pastoralists' expectations to continue herding activities, would increase the number of animals per unit of available grazing land and further deteriorate their rangeland.



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