نمط اﻟﺗوزﻳﻊ اﻟﻣﻛﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻣراﻛز اﻻﺳﺗﻳطﺎن اﻟرﻳﻔﻲ
ﻓﻲ ﻣﺣﺎﻓظﺔ اﻟﺑﻠﻘﺎء - اﻷردن
محمود عبد ﷲ الحبيس ، عبد ﷲ رضوان عربيات
ﻣلخص
ﻫدﻓت اﻟدراﺳﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺗﻌرف إﻟﻰ ﻧﻣط اﻟﺗوزﻳﻊ اﻟﻣﻛﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻣراﻛز اﻻﺳﺗﻳطﺎن اﻟرﻳﻔﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺣﺎﻓظﺔ اﻟﺑﻠﻘﺎء ﺑﺎﻻردن، وﺗﺣدﻳد ﺷﻛﻝ اﻻﻣﺗداد اﻟﻣﻛﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ وﻣر ﻛز ﺛﻘﻠﻬﺎ اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ واﻟﻣﺗوﻗﻊ واﻟﻣرﻛز اﻟوﺳﻳط، وذﻟك ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧدام اﻻﺳﺎﻟﻳب اﻻﺣﺻﺎﺋﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﻛﺎﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑدراﺳﺔ ﻫذا اﻟﻧﻣط وﺗﺣﻠﻳﻠﻪ وﺑﺎﻻﺳﺗﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻣﻛﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺗﻘﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﻣﺛﻠﺔ ﺑﺗﻘﻧﻳﺔ ﺻﻠﺔ اﻟﺟوار.
ﺗوﺻﻠت اﻟدراﺳﺔ اﻟﻰ ان اﻻﺳﺗﻳطﺎن اﻟرﻳﻔﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧطﻘﺔ اﻟدراﺳﺔ ﻣرﺗﺑط ﺑﻌﻼﻗﺔ اﻻﻧﺳﺎن ﺑﺑﻳﺋ ﺗﻪ وﻳﻌﻛس ﺗﺣﻛم اﻟﻌواﻣﻝ اﻟﺑﻳﺋﻳﺔ اﻟﻰ ﺣد ﻛﺑﻳر ﻓﻲ ﻧﻣط اﻟﺗوزﻳﻊ اﻟﻣﻛﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻣراﻛز ﻫذا اﻻﺳﺗﻳطﺎن، ﻣن ﺣﻳث اﻧﺗﺷﺎرﻫﺎ وﺗوزﻳﻌﻬﺎ واﺣﺟﺎﻣﻬﺎ، وان اﻟﺗوزﻳﻊ اﻟﻣﻛﺎﻧﻲ ﻳﺗﺧذ اﻟﺷﻛﻝ اﻟﻌﺷواﺋﻲ اﻟﻣﺷﺗت، وان اﻟﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻳن اﻟﻧﻘﺎط ﺗﻛون ﻏﻳر ﻣﻧﺗظﻣﺔ وﻳﺷﻳر اﻟﻣرﻛز اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻲ واﻻﻓﺗراﺿﻲ (اﻟﻣﺗوﻗﻊ) ﻟﻠﻣﺳﺗو طﻧﺎت اﻟﺳﻛﺎﻧﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧطﻘﺔ اﻟدراﺳﺔ اﻟﻰ ﺗﻘﺎرب ﺑﻳﻧﻬ ﻣ ﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻧﺣراف ﻳﺳﻳر ﻟﻠﻣرﻛز اﻻﻓﺗراﺿﻲ ﻧﺣو اﻟﺷرق.
وﻗد أوﺻت اﻟدراﺳﺔ ﺑﺿرورة ﺗﺻﻧﻳف اﻟﻣﺳﺗوطﻧﺎت، ووﺿﻊ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻳر ﺗﺧطﻳطﻳﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺗﺗﻼءم واﻟواﻗﻊ اﻟﻣﺣﻠﻲ، وإﻳﺟﺎد ﻗﺎﻋدة ﺑﻳﺎﻧﺎت ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ واﻟﺗوﺳﻊ ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧدام أﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻟﺟﻐراﻓﻳﺔ ﻟدى اﻟﺟﻬﺎت اﻟﻣﻌﻧﻳﺔ ﺑﻌﻣﻠﻳﺔ ﺗﺧطﻳط اﻟﻣﺳﺗوطﻧﺎت اﻟﺑﺷرﻳﺔ.
اﻟﻛﻠﻣﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ: اﻟﺗوزﻳﻊ اﻟﻣﻛﺎﻧﻲ، اﻻﺳﺗﻳطﺎن اﻟرﻳﻔﻲ، ﻧظم اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻟﺟﻐراﻓﻳﺔ، ﻣﺣﺎﻓظﺔ اﻟﺑﻠﻘﺎء ﺑﺎﻻردن، ﺻﻠﺔ اﻟﺟوار
The Spatial Distribution Pattern of Rural Settlements’ Centers in Al- Balqa Governorate/ Jordan
Mahmoud Abdallah AL-Habees,
Abdullah Radwan Arabiyyat
ABSTRACT
The study aimed to identify the spatial distribution pattern of rural settlements’ centers in Al- Balqa Governorate, Jordan. In addition, it aimed to determine the shape of the settlements spatial expansion and to demonstrate its actual and predicted weighted centers, as well as its median, using spatial statistical methods related to study and the average Nearest Neighbor technique.
This study concluded that the rural settlements within the study area reflects the relationship between humans and their environment and the way that environmental factors or determinants control the spatial distribution patterns of these settlements in terms of its spread and sizes. The results showed that the rural settlements are taken the random dispersed pattern and the distance between the centers of these settlements are irregular. The actual and expected center of these settlements seems to be very close to each other with the expected center is taken place to the east of the actual center.
The study results showed the necessity of classification for the settlements and setting a new planning standard that fit with the local situation. In addition, it recommends building a comprehensive database and using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) by the authorities involved with planning for human settlements.
Keywords: Spatial Distribution, Rural Settlement, Al -Balqa Governorate, GIS, Jordan, Nearest Neighborhood.
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