الأشكال الأرضية لوادي نور سيروان (ديالى)
بين دربنديخان و كلار
دراسة في الجيومورفولوجيا التطبيقية
أطروحة تقدم بها
خليل محمد براخاص
إلى مجلس كلية الآداب جامعة بغداد و هي جزء من متطلبات
نيل درجة دكتوراه فلسفة في الجغرافية
بإشراف
الأستاذ المساعد الدكتور
عبدالله صبار عبود العجيلي
1436هـ - 2015م
The Land Form Of Sirwan(Dyalah) River Valley Between Darbandikhan And Kalar
Applied Geomorphological Study’
A Thesis Submitted by
Khalil Mohammed Brakhas
To the Council of College of Art/ University of Baghdad as a Partial Fulfillment to the Requirements of Ph.D. Degree in physical Geography.
Supervised by
Assist.Prof.
Dr. Abdullah Sabbar Abuod Al-Ajeely
1436 A.H - 2015A.D
Abstract
The Land Form Of Sirwan River Valley
Between Darbandikhan And Kalar
Practical Geomorphology Study’
The Present Study Deals With ‘The Land form Of Sirwan River Valley Between Darbandikhan And Kalar Practical Geomorphology Study’. It Is One Of The Tigris Main Branch .The Study Region Is Situated Geographically In North East Part In Iraq, And In South West Part From Sulaimania Governorate And The North East Part Is In Diyala Governorate , so astronomically, It Is Between Longitude (34,32,.05),(35,06,35) North And Latitude,(45,05,52) (45,47,39) East. The Real Length Of Sirwan River In The Study Is About (104.3km) And It Covers The Study Region. The Area Of The Study Region Covers( 2800) Km2, It’s Bounders Extends North Darbandikhan Dam And Reaches The Pungla Valley South Of Kalar City , While The Line Division Of Basin Water With Udeem River And Part Of Sirwan Basin River , Towards Hamreen Dam This Is The West And North West Boundares , So Its South West Bounders Is Sirwan River Basin. And From The East It Has Its Political Boundry With Iran Which Forms Natural Boundary In Which It Is The Supplying Basin Of The River,The North East Is The Local Boundary In Which Is The Main Inflow Of Sirwan River Includes Bammo Rang Surface ,The Basic Study Problem Focuses On The Method Of Research, And The Study Deals With On The Question? ((What Are Effects Of Existing Geomorphological Process In Which It Is Built?)), The Study Region Is Chosen Due To The Lack Of The Detail geomorphological Study, And It Has Great Economic Significance When It is invested,The Aim Of The Study Is Analysing The Physical Characteristics And Effect On The Structure And Developing The Land Forms , And Morphometric Of The River Valley , Analysing The Effect Of The Region Slop, Finding The Geomorphogical Process Relation Of The River In Forming The Land Natural Land Exploitation Changes Which Are Happened With The Passing Time , And Reads To The Final Aim Of Study Which Is Indicating The Mutual Effect Relation Of The Forms And Geomorphological Process With The Human Activities , And Showing The Economical Ability Of The Study Region To Serve General Welfare , Depending On The Above Procedures, The Researcher Reaches The Following Conclusions:
(1)The Study Region Enjoys Natural Development Whith Important Effect Including Geological Structure , Lineament Features ,Topography, Land Forms , Climate , Water Source , Soil And Natural Vegetation, The Above Factors Forms The Main Geomorphological Structures Of The River Valley And Its Development Time Extents.
(2) The Real Length Of River Flow Is About (104.3km) In The Study Region .So Its Sinuosity Is (1.49) Which Is Nearly Is Meanders The River Goes To Its Any End Maturity In The Beginning Of The River. So Its Late Maturity Comes At The South Parts Which Has The Width Flow And Deposition Activity Due To Lack Of Its Discharge And Speed.
(3)The Number Of Sinuositys And Meanders Are (63) In The Study Region , (47) Of Them Are Sinuositys And Meanders Are (16) So They Are Different In Length , Flow Extent , Meanders Wave Length , Width , Rang And Sinuosity Rate , The Above Features Faces Changes And Developments Because Of Natural And Human
Reasons ,for(1956-2013.
(4) During The Morphometeric Deposits River Island Study Of The Study Regions ,It Because Clews That The River Islands Differs From Forms , Length , Width Average , Areas , Its Distance From Beach , Length From River Level , So , Length , Rectangular Islands Are More In Numbers Than The Others. The River Islands Are Continuous Changed And Developed In (1956) , River Islands Were (35) With The Area (3647200m2) , This Number Do Creased To (22) In (1985) , And Its Area Was (3297150m2) , In (2013) It Reached (32) Islands With (994480m2) , So Flood Planes Are Developed And Increased In Area In The Sirwan River Valley In The Period Between(56\13) .
(5) The Natural Factors Which Are Mention In The First article Are The Basic Important To Features In Exploiting The Resources , And In Human Activities Such As Settlement , Agriculture , Grazing , Irrigation System , Industry , Transportation , Tourism , And Their future Development.
Panel With Aim The Study Falls In To Five Chapters With The Introduction Which Covers (Location, Problem, Hypothesis, Aim, Causes Methods ,Stages And Means Of The Study , The Framework.
The First Chapter; Deals With Physical Elements Of The Study Region And Effect On The Geomorphology Form, The Development In The Region, Which Includes The Geological Layers, Structures, Topographies, Climates, Soil, Plants, Stream Water System Of The River.
The Second Chapter; Is Devoted To The Geomorphological Description Of The River Valley And Long Part Of River. Then Geomorphological Units Are Discussed (Structure, Settling, Erosion) Of The Study Region, Analysing Height Lines (Cantors) Equality. Knowing The Slopes And Topographies Of The Region Study.
The Third Chapter; Is About Analysis The Deformation Of River In The Region From The River With Length About (104.3)Km, As Well As The Effecting Factor Of Its Forming, The Physical ,Human.
And Four Chapter; Studies The River Islands Flood Plains, With Studies And Analysing The River Lands(1956-1985-2013)From The Maps Topographical Maps Floods The Field Study , Studying The Physical And Human Factors Effecting The Developing The River Island, Analysing The Island Soil, Floods.
The Fifth Chapter; Deals With The Geomorphological Application ,It’s Effects In The Human Activities From The Part The Past To The Present ,Such As The Setting Of Human And Their Actives Like Agriculture , Irrigation , Industry ,Extract , As Well As Tourism.
The Study Ends With Some Important Conclusions And Recommendations.
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