Dormancy and its effect on the productivity of deciduous fruit trees in Iraq using geographic information systems
A thesis presented
Ali Sadoon Ahmed Ali
To the Council of the College of Arts - the Iraqi University It is a requirement for obtaining a Master of Arts in Physical Geography / Applied Climate
Supervised by
Assistant Professor Dr.
Khalil Kazem Jassim Mohammed
1441 AH 2020
Abstract:
Deciduous fruit trees of various types are important agricultural crops because their fruits contain a lot of minerals, vitamins and proteins that the human body needs to fight diseases, so the demand for them increases constantly and their entry as an important primary material in many food and pharmaceutical industries now and in the future, so they have become of economic importance. The major factors affecting the economies of the country must be taken care of, and the most prominent climatic factors that affect their resting phase, especially the minimum temperatures, are the main control over the suitability of the resting phase for each type of fruit tree included in the study. It was found from its study that the province of Mosul sometimes tops the first rank in preparing Those trees and their production from fresh fruits that reached (24.1) kg / tree in 2006, according to their enjoyment of the best Dormancy in the study area, then Baghdad, which amounted to (22.7) kg / tree, and Basra, which amounted to (15.4) kg / tree. Nineveh governorate ranked first in the production of fig fruits, which reached (25.30) kg / tree in 2019, according to its enjoyment of cold hours, which are the highest at the level of study, and then Baghdad governorate, which reached (24.10) kg / tree, as for Basra, the cultivation and productivity of figs It was absent in it due to the lack of a resting phase in it, so the study requires revealing the requirements of those trees from the hours of cold that they need in the phase of their rest, which showed that the apple trees need more cold hours than all the types included in the study, as they reached the highest (1300) hours that They are affected by lower temperatures, especially lower temperatures, as their lowering increases the chance of gaining sufficient cooler hours during the resting phase of trees. In light of this, the climatic regions were drawn according to the importance of the rest period, which took the province of Mosul, the first region, the Baghdad governorate, the second region, and the Basra governorate, the third regions, which is sometimes called the expeller due to the lack of availability of hours Cold during the Dormancy.
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